Endometrial Stromal Tumors

The cause of development of Endometrial Stromal Tumor is related to genetic abnormalities. The tumor is known to originate from the endometrial stroma, in many cases. The gene mutations and chromosomal alterations are specific to the subtype of EST.

Endometrial Stromal Tumors may be benign or malignant. Some women may not show any signs and symptoms. In others, the signs and symptoms of EST may include:

The presence of a solitary, small or large tumor; the majority are between 5-10 cm in size

Generally, malignant tumors have poorly-defined boundaries; while, benign tumors are mostly well-defined

Sensation of pelvic mass or enlarged uterus

Most of the tumors are located intramurally (i.e., found within the uterine walls)

In some cases, polypoid tumors are observed

Heavy or abnormal bleeding from the uterus and abdominal pain are both common symptoms in women with EST

Signs and symptoms may also occur from large-sized tumors causing compression of adjoining uterine structures including frequent urination and lower back pain

Pain during sexual intercourse

The diagnosis of Endometrial Stromal Tumor may involve:

Complete physical examination with thorough evaluation of medical history

Ultrasound scan of the pelvis: It is a noninvasive procedure that uses high frequency sound waves to produce real-time images

Abdominal and pelvic CT scan: It is a noninvasive procedure that provides more details of soft tissues, blood vessels, and internal organs

Pelvic MRI scan: It is a noninvasive medical test that uses a powerful magnetic field to produce images of soft tissues, bones, organs, and all other internal structures of the abdomen and pelvis

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